The Mughal Empire and British Raj: A Captivating Guide to the History of India, Starting from the Mughals to the British Empire by Captivating History

Author:Captivating History [History, Captivating]
Language: eng
Format: azw3
Published: 2020-07-17T00:00:00+00:00

Robert Clive and Emperor Shah Allam

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Allahabad#/media/File:Shah_'Alam_conveying

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During the expansion of its influence, the East India Company experienced constant resistance from the local rulers. The Battle of Plassey in 1757 is considered the beginning of British rule in India, as it was the first armed conflict against a local ruler, the nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah. He was allied with the French, with whom England had already fought the Seven Years’ War. The Battle of Plassey is often seen as an extension of the Seven Years’ War; however, it should be noted that the Company fought for its interests, not just for the Kingdom of Great Britain. France wanted a monopoly on trade in the East Indies too, and the French East India Company already had a foothold on the subcontinent and wanted to keep the British out. The British victory over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies ensured that the trade monopoly belonged to the British East India Company. With Bengal firmly under its control, the British East India Company seized control of the entire Indian subcontinent over the next 100 years.

The British victory at the Battle of Plassey led to an estrangement between the Company and the Mughal Empire, as the nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, was a Mughal ally. The cold relations between the empire and the Company led to the Battle of Buxar, which took place on October 22nd, 1764. The conflict was resolved by the Treaty of Allahabad, which was signed between Emperor Shah Alam II (r. 1760–1788 and 1788–1806) and Robert Clive of the East India Company and the first British governor of Bengal. This treaty marked the period of British political and constitutional rule of India, as the Mughal Empire gave the Company the right to collect the revenues throughout the empire. In return, the Company paid Shah Alam a yearly tribute, which the emperor used to maintain his royal court. Thus, the Mughal dominance of India came to an end.

Between 1775 and 1818, the British East India Company was at war with the Maratha Confederacy on three separate occasions. Maratha was an empire that was formed in the 17th century by the Marathi-speaking warrior people from the west of the Deccan Plateau. They were the ones who liberated most of the Indian subcontinent from the Mughal Empire. The First Anglo-Maratha War, which lasted from 1775 to 1782, was fought because the Company decided to meddle in the dynastic struggle of the empire. The Company won, and the outcome was the spread of the Company’s influence over the territories of the Maratha Empire. Besides this, the Marathas were to prohibit the French East India Company from gaining a foothold in their territories, securing the monopoly of the British Company on trade in the East Indies.

The Second Anglo-Maratha War, which took place between 1803 and 1805, was fought due to the internal struggles in the Maratha Empire. At the time, the empire was a confederation led by five warlords who constantly engaged in internal conflicts. To

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